Effect of Abengourou forastero cocoa against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in experimental rats
Keywords:
Forastero cocoa, Abengourou, doxorubicin, cardiotoxicityAbstract
Oxidative stress is a determining factor in the pathophysiology of heart disease. This study aimed at evaluating the protective activity of Abengourou Forastero cocoa in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Thirty (30) wistar rats divided into 5 groups were orally pretreated with distilled water, resveratrol (25 mg/kg/day) or defatted Abengourou Forastero cocoa powder (1000 and 1500 mg/kg/day) for sixty (60) consecutive days. A single dose of doxorubicin (15 mg/kg/day) was administered on day 59 by intraperitoneal route. The biochemical parameters were assessed and a histological examination of the heart was performed. This study showed that doxorubicin treated animals exhibited a significant increase of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, phosphocreatine kinases, creatine kinases, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol levels in serum. However, a decrease of HDL-cholesterol and an alteration of cardiac tissue were noticed. Preventive treatment with Abengourou Forastero cocoa at doses of 1000 and 1500 mg/kg significantly reduced the biochemical and histological alterations induced by doxorubicin. Results showed that Abengourou Forastero cocoa protects and prevents against doxorubicin-induced cardiac damage.
References
Cronin R, Henrich WL. Toxic Nephropathies. Dans: Brenners BM, éditeur. The Kidney. 6e ed. W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia (Pennsylvanie); 2000; p 1563-1596. 2. Talbi ML: Analyse et traitement du signal électrocardiographique (ECG). Thèse de doctorat. Université Mentouri de Constantine, faculté des sciences de l’ingénieur département d’electronique; 2011. 3. Brandt K. Le paracétamol dans le traitement des douleurs arthosiques. Drugs 2003; 2: 23-41. 4. Guerreschi E. Contribution à l’Appréhension du Système Cardiovasculaire Modélisation et Traitement de Signaux issus de la Macrocirculation et de la Microcirculation sanguines. Thèse de doctorat. Université d’Angers, laboratoire d’ingénierie des systèmes automatisés; 2013. 5. Letteron P, Labbe G, Degott C, Berson A, Fromenty B, Delaforge M, Larrey D , Pessayre D. Mechanism for the protective effects of silymarin against carbon tetrachloride-induced lipid peroxidation and hepatotoxicity in mice. Evidence that silymarin acts both as an inhibitor of metabolic activation and as a chain-breaking antioxidant. Biochem Pharmacol 1990; 39: 2027-2034. 6. Ibrahim MA, El-Sheikh AAK, Khalaf HM, Abdelrahman AM. Protective effect of peroxisome proliferator activator receptor (PPAR)-α and-γ ligands (PPAR) against methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2014; 36: 130-137. 7. Pereira MG, Camara NO, Campaholle G, Cenedeze MA. Pioglitazone limits cyclosporine nephrotoxicity in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2006; 6: 1943-1951. 8. Haleng J, Pincemail J, Defraigne JO, Charlier C, Chapelle JP. Le stress oxydant. Rev Med Liege 2007; 62: 628-638. 9. Kumarappan C, Vijayakumar M, Thilagam E, Balamurugan M, Thiagarajan M, Senthil S, Das SC, Mandal SC. Protective and curative effets of polyphenolic extraits from Ichnocarpus frutescense leaves on experimental hepatotoxicity by carbon tetrachloride and tamoxifen. Ann Hepatol 2011; 10: 63-72. 10. Sarriá B, Martínez-López S, Sierra-Cinos JL, García-Diz L, Mateos R, Bravo L. Regular consumption of a cocoa product improves the cardiometabolic profile in healthy and moderately hypercholesterolaemic adults. Br J Nutr 2014; 111: 122-134. 11. Keen CL, Holt RR, Oteiza PI, Fraga CG, Schmitz HH. Dietary polyphénols and health: proceedings of the first international conference on polyphénols and health: Cocoa antioxidants and cardiovascular health. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 81: 298-303. 12. Lamuela-Raventós RM, Romero-Pérez AI, Andrés-Lacueva C, Tornero A. Review: Health effects of cocoa flavonoids. Food Sci Technol Int 2005; 11: 159-176. 13. Lee JC, Kim HR, Jim KJ. Antioxidant property of an extract of the stem of Opuntia ficus-indica Var. saboten. J Agric Food Chem 2002; 50: 6490-6496. 14. Dembele A, Yapo KD, Kouassi K, Kambou PS, Djaman AJ, N’guessan JD. Effects of genotype, soil and technological treatment on chemical composition and antioxidant activity of cocoa beans produced in Côte d’Ivoire. IJRPB 2018; 6: 16-24. 15. Louhimies S. Directive 86/609/EEC on the protection of animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes. ATLA 2002; 30: 217-219. 16. Coujard R, Poirir J, Racadot J. Méthodes de l’histologie. In Précis d’histologie humaine. Edition Masson, Paris; 1980; 1-27. 17. Singal PK, Iliskovic N, Li T, Kumar D. Adriamycin cardiomyopathy: Patho-physiology and prevention. FASEB J 1997; 11: 931-936. 18. Hrdina R, Gersl V, Klimtova I, Simunek T, Machackova J, Adamcova M. Anthracycline induced cardiotoxicity. Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove) 2000; 43: 75-82. 19. Takacs IE, Matkovics B, Varga SI, Homolay P, Feer G, Seres T. Study of the myocardial antioxidant defense in various species. Pharmacol Res 1992; 25: 177-178. 20. Liu X, Chen Z, Chua CC, Ma Y, Youngberg GA, Hamdy R, Chua BHL. Melatonin as an effective protector against Doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2002; 283: 254-263. 21. Ahmed KK, Rana AC, Dixit VK. Effect of Calotropis procera latex on isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in albino rats. Phytomedicine 2004; 11: 327-330. 22. Smith MT, Bellomo G. Relationship between the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, ATP concentration and cytotoxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes. Arch Biochem Biophys 1990; 282: 358-362. 23. Murat Y, Ersin F, Hasan E, Muharrem U, Sadik S, Irmak MK. Erdosteine prevents doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Pharmacol Res 2003; 48: 377-382. 24. Khanna AK, Ramesh C, Kapoor NK. Terminalia arjuna: An ayurvedic cardiotonic regulates lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic rats. Phytother Res 1996; 10: 663-665. 25. Chapelin M. Cacao, chocolat et produits dérivés : aspects nutritionnels et pharmacologie. Thèse de doctorat. Université de Montpellier 1, département de pharmacie; 1998. 26. Chaveron H. Cholesterophobie et chocolat. Le Monde 1989; p 19. 27. Delzenne MN. Le chocolat, un remède ancien remis au gout du jour. J Pharm Belg 2002; 57: 29-34.
