Ethnobotanical Wealth of Jandool Valley, Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Kpk), Pakistan
Keywords:
Ethnobotanical plants, Jandool valley, Dir lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK)Abstract
The present study contributes to enlist the wealth of ethnobotanical important plants of Jandool valley, Dir lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan. A total of 67 plants species, belonging to 39 families of herbs (57 %), shrubs (6 %), trees (34 %) and mushrooms (3 %) were found to be used by the local inhabitants generally for medicinal, timber wood, fuel, food and fodder purposes. Majority of the plants identified were used for more than one purpose. The human and cattle pressure has resulted in loss of the indigenous ethnobotanical important plant species. Therefore reforestation followed by proper protection is a need of time.
References
- Accacia nilotica L. Mimosacea Kikar Tree Wd, L & Gu Wood is used for timber and fuel purposes, leaves is fodder and gum
for curing diabetes.
- Acacia modesta Wall. Mimosacea Palosa Tree Wd & Gu Wood is used for timber and fuel purposes and gum is used as a tonic.
- Avena sativa L. Poaceae Jawdar Herb WP Powder is used for nervious problems, and feeding cattles
- Ajuga bracteosa Wall.ex Benth Lamiaceae Buty Herb L Used for jaundice, fever and joint pains.
- Alianthus altissimab L. Simaroubaceae Spena Bakyanra Tree WP Timber, fuel and fooder
- Amaranthus viridis L. Amaranthaceae Chalwai Herb WP Vegetable, emollient
- Aconitum heterophyllum Wall.ex Royle Ranunculaceae Zaharmora Herb Rhi As a growth enhancer, general body tonic, fever and pains killer.
- Aconitum chasmanthum Ranunculaceae Ghra Zahar Herb R As a tonic, appetizer and vomiting.
- Artimisia vulgaris L. Asteraceae Tarkha Herb L & Fl Nervieous problems and cure skin problems.
- Allium sativum L Alliaceae Ooga Herb Rhi Used for spicy test in cooking and sexual strength, high blood presure,
flu
- Allium cepa L. Alliaceae Piaz Herb Rhi Slightly warmed bulb used as poultice for the treatment of abscesses,
used in different foods.
- Berberis lycium Royle Berberidaceae Kawary Shrub R, Ba & Fr Jaundice, Throat pains, diarrhoea, and fruit is edible.
- Bistorta amplexicaulis (D.Don) Green Polygonaceae Tarva panra Herb Sh & L Mouth inflammation and treament of Ulcer.
- Canabis sativa L. Cannabinaceae Bhang Herb Se, Fl, R & Re Used as pain killer, and as a cooling agent during summer.
- Calotropis procera (Ait) R. Br Asclepiadaceae Spalmay Herb St & L Leaves milk is used for the treatment of asthma, previously it was used
for Snake bite treatment, oil are used for scabies and pain killer.
- Cedrus deodara (Roxb.ex Lamb) G. Don. Pinaceae Diyar Tree Wd and Re Wood is used for furniture and other house accessories because it
resistant to water and worm and resin is used for skin problems.
- Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers, Poaceae Kabal Herb WP Used as a podder, grown in lawn for beauty and previously used for
stomach ulcer.
- Convolvulus arvensis L. Convolvulaceae Prewatay Shrub L, St, R & Fl Used as laxative, fodder and for epilepsy
- Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. ex DC. Papilionaceae Shawa Tree Wd, L Timber, fuel and furniture
- Dodonea viscosa L. Jacq Sapindaceae Ghwaraskey Shrub WP Used as a fuel, thatching material in building and anti-inflammatory
- Datura stramonium L. Solanaceae Harhanda Herb L & R Fruits are poisonous, used as antipyretic as well.
- Diospyrus lotus L. Ebenaceae Toor amlook Tree Fr, Wd, L Fruits are edible, carminative and wood source of fuel.
- Duchensea indica (Andr) Rosaceae Zmake tooth Herb Fr Fruits are edible, laxative and wood source of fuel.
- Equisetum arvensis L. Equistaceae Bandaky Herb Sh Used as hair tonic and in urine problems
- Eugenia jamblana Lam. Mystraceae Jaman Tree Fr & Ba Used to cure diabetes, mouth wash, and fruits are edible.
- Euphorbia helioscopia L. Euphorbiaceae Prewatki Herb WP Plant are poisonous, used in skin problems and laxative.
- Ficus caricca L. Moraceae Inzar Tree Fr, L & La Fruits are edible, milk is used for skin problems.
- Fumaria indica Husskin Fumaeaceae Paprra Herb WP Laxative, purgative, fodder and diuretic.
- Indigofera heterantha Wall. ex Brandis Papilionaceae Ghoreja Herb Sh Shoot are used for making baskets, wood for fuel and as a fodder.
- Juglan regia L. Juglandaceae Ghoz Tree Fr, Ba & L
Fruits are edible, the leaves and bark are used espicially by womens for
cleaning teath locally called Dandasa as a source of makeup, wood are
used for making furniture, Dandasa are also used as hair dye.
- Mentha longifolia L. Huds Lamiaceae Vilanay Herb WP Used for gastic problems, Leaves flavour are used in several local
food.
- Mentha spicata L. Lamiaceae Podina Herb WP Used in different food as a flavouring agent espicially in Chatni, also
used as a cooling agent and in gastric problems.
- Morus alba L. Moraceae Spin Toot Tree Fr, St & L Fruits are edible, Stem is used as a source of fuel, timber and for
furniture, leaves as fodder.
- Morus nigra L. Moraceae Toor toot Tree Fr, St & L Fruits are edible and used for jaundice, Stem is used as a source of
fuel, timber and for furniture, leaves as fodder.
- Melia azadarach L. Meliaceae Tora Bekanrha Tree L & Wd Leaves are used for treatment of diabetes, Wood for fuel.
- Morus lavaegata Wallich. Ex Brandis Moraceae Shah toot Tree Fr, St & L Fruits are edible and used for jaundice and digestion problems, Stem is
used as a source of fuel, timber and for furniture, leaves as fodder.
- Narcissus poeticus L. Amaryllidaceae Gule gangus Herb WP Used for ornamental purposes, usually grown on graves.
- Nasturtium officinale R.Br Brassicaceae Tarmira Herb WP Cooked as Saag for eating, Used for tratment stomach problems and as
cooling agent.
- Ocimum basilicum L. Lamiaceae Kasmalay Herb WP Ornamental plant due good smell and tratment of flu.
- Olea ferrginea Royle Oleaceae Khona Tree Fr, St & L
Fruit are edible, Oil are highly used for body pain espicially joint pain,
leaves are used for treartment of sore throat and antiseptic, the wood is
highly used for preparing agriculture tools, furniture and fuel.
- Oxalis corniculata L. Oxalidaceae Threwakay Herb St & L Used as a cooling agent and for stomach problems. Fresh leaves are
eaten due to good taste.
- Pinus roxburgii Sargent. Pinaceae Nakhtar Tree Wd and Re
Timber, furniture and fuel, the dried leaves locally called "Barwaza"
are use to spread in floor of Mosque, and as a packing material in local
fruits.
- Pinus gerardiana Wall. ex Lamb. Pinaceae Chilghoza Tree Wd, L, Se and Co Timber, fuel and furniture. Cones have edible seeds locally called
Chagoza, having high market value used as tonic.
- Plantnus oriantalis L. Platanaceae Chinar Tree WP Used as in Tember, fuel and furniture purposes.
- Portulaceae oleracea L. Portulaceae Warkharay Herb WP Used as a vegetable.
- Polygonum glabrum L. Polygonaceae Palpolak Herb WP Plant powder used for fish hunting.
- Pyrus communis L. Rosaceae Naspatay Tree Fr & St Fruit are edible and wood used as a fuel.
- Punica granatum L. Punicaceae Anangori Tree Fr Fruit are edible, used as blood purifier and in digestive problems.
- Ricinus communis L. Euphorbiaceae Arhanda Tree Se Used as a Laxative and treatment of cough and fever.
- Rumex dentatus L. Polygonaceae Shalkhy Herb WP Cooked as a vegetable (Saag) and used as a healing agent.
- Rabdosia rugosa (Wllich ex. Benth) Hara Lamiaceae Spearkhy Herb WP Vermicide and insecticide.
- Rumex hastatus L. Polygoniaceae Tarokhy Herb WP Used in Snup (Locally called Naswar), and as a cooling agent.
- Solanum nigrum L. Solanaceae Kachmacho Herb Fr Used for treatment of liver, heart and skin problems.
- Sorghum helipense (L) Pers Poaceae Ddum Herb WP Fodder
- Taraxacum officinale Webber. Asteraceae Zair gulae Herb Fr, L & R Used for diabetes, snake bite and kidney problem.
- Trifolium repens L. Papilionaceae Shautal Herb Se & L Fodder.
- Urtica dioica L. Urticaceae Seezonkey Herb Sh Vegetable and used for treatment of jaundice.
- Voila canescens Wall. Violaceae Benofsha Herb L Used as anticancer and for treatment fever, flu.
- Voila biflora L. Violaceae Benofsha Herb L Used for treatment of fever.
- Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal Solanaceae Koti Lal Herb Fr & L Used in fever and in rheumatism, tonic
- Xanthium stramarium L. Asteraceae Geshkey Herb WP Pain killer and fodder.
- Zizyphus jujube Mill. Rhamnaceae Baira Tree Fr Fruits are edible, wood as a source of fuel and blood purifier.
- Zanthoxylum armatum DC. Ructaceae Dambara Shrub Se, St & Ba Used as a cooling agent, carminative and tonic.
- Zizyphus oxyphyla Edgew Rhamnaceae Elanai Tree Fr, L, R & Wd Antidiabetic, heart tonic and wood as a source of fuel.
- Zizyphus mauritiana L. Rhamnaceae Markhanai Tree Fr, L & Wd Fruits are edible, wood as source of fuel, leaves as a fodder and
treatment of flu.
- Agaricus compestris L. Agaricaceae Kharerhai Mushroom WP Cooked as food.
- Morchella esculenta Helveliaceae Kharerhai Mushroom WP Used as a delicious food and body tonic.
