Preclinical safety assessment and mutagenicity of the hydroethanolic extract of Syzygium campanulatum leaves.

Authors

  • Elham Farsi School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
  • Kameh Esmailli School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
  • Armaghan Shafaei School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
  • Mohamed B Khadeer Ahamed Eman Biodiscovery Sdn Bhd, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
  • Aman Shah Abdul Majid Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Quest International University, 30250, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
  • Munavvar Zubaid Abdul Sattar School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
  • Amin Malik Shah Abdul Majid School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, 11800 Penang, Malaysia ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University

Keywords:

Syzygium campanulatum, Myrtaceae, Mutagenicity, Acute toxicity, Subacute, Subchronic toxicity

Abstract

Syzygium campanulatum (Myrtaceae) is a species indigenous to Southeast Asia, a widely consumed medicinal herb and rich in phytochemical content and notable antiangiogenic and anti-colon cancer. Safety reports of administration of S. campanulatum are however lacking. In this study, we investigated the quality of dried leaves, chemical composition analyzed by FTIR and HPLC, phytochemicals content and repeated doses toxicity and mutagenicity effect of the hydroethanolic extract of S. campanulatum leaves (HESCL). The rats were divided into experimental and control groups and fed with 500, 1000, 2000 mg/kg/day of the hydroethanolic extract of S. campanulatum leaves for 28 and 90 days and with a single dose of 5000 mg/kg in acute study. The obtained results showed the dry leaves of S. campanulatum were devoid of any heavy metal and microbial contamination. The major components of HESCL were, respectively betulinic acid (60.43 mg/g.), total glycol saponins, total phenolics, total proteins, total tannins, and total flavonoids. No mutagenicity was detected in S. typhimurium auxotroph and no signs of clinical toxicity and mortality were observed in the experimental groups after 28 and 90-day experiment. However, significant (p < 0.05) statistical deviations were observed in hematological, and biochemical parameters but they were within the normal clinical range for rat, therefore not considered treatment-related. Based on these findings the fifty percent lethal dose was > 5000 mg/kg and the NOAEL was up to 2000 mg/kg for 90 days, as such HESCL is a relatively safe herb.

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Published

31-12-2016

How to Cite

1.
Elham Farsi, Kameh Esmailli, Armaghan Shafaei, Mohamed B Khadeer Ahamed, Aman Shah Abdul Majid, Munavvar Zubaid Abdul Sattar, Amin Malik Shah Abdul Majid. Preclinical safety assessment and mutagenicity of the hydroethanolic extract of Syzygium campanulatum leaves. ijp [Internet]. 2016 Dec. 31 [cited 2024 Oct. 15];8(4):514-2. Available from: https://ijp.arjournals.org/index.php/ijp/article/view/499

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Original Research Articles