Phytochemical analysis and DPPH scavenging activity of Combretum punctatum var. squamosum (Combretaceae), an ethnomedicinal plant of Mizoram.
Keywords:
Ethnomedicinal plant, Leihruisen, Phytochemical analysis, Total phenol, Total flavonoid, DPPHAbstract
The main objective of the study is to determine the phytochemical constituents and the DPPH scavenging activity of the aqueous extract of Combretum punctatum var. squamosum. The phytochemical screening revealed that the crude aqueous extract contained phenols, flavonoids, phytosterols and diterpenes while alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids were found to be absent. The total phenol and flavonoid content in the crude aqueous extract was found to be comparatively high, i.e. 111 mg/g GAE and 120.99 mg/g QE respectively. It was also found that the % DPPH scavenging activity was very high and comparable to the standard used. The IC50 value of the aqueous extract was found to be 1.76 mg/ml which is lower but comparable to the IC50 value of the standard.
References
. Myers N, Mittermeier RA, Mittermeier CG, Fonseca GAB and Kent J. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities, Nature, 2000; 403:853-858.
. Rozika R, Ramhmul Damdawite. Medicinal Plants (Medicinal Plants Board, Mizoram), 2006, 2nd Edition,
. Bhardwaj S and Gakhar S K, Ethnomedicinal plants used by the tribals of Mizoram to cure cuts and wounds, Indian J Tradit Know, 2005; 4(1):75-80.
. Hossain MA, AL-Raqmi KAS, AL-Mijizy ZA, Weli AM and Al-Riyami Q, Study of total phenol, flavonoids contents and phytochemical screening of various leaves crude extracts of locally grown Thymus vulgaris, Asian Pac J Trop Biomed, 2013; 3 (9):705-710.
. Sre PRR, Sheila T and Murugesan K, Phytochemical screening and "in-vitro" anti-oxidant activity of methanolic root extract of Erythrina indica, Asian Pac J Trop Biomed, 2012; 2(3):S1696-S1700.
. Aiyegoro O A and Okoh AI, Preliminary phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract of Helichrysum longifolium DC, BMC Complement Altern Med, 2010; 10:21-28.
. Chlopickaa J, Paskoa P, Gorinsteinb S, Jedryas A and Zagrodzki P. Total phenolic and total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity and sensory evaluation of pseudocereal breads, LWT - Food Sci Technol, 2012; 46: 548-555.
. Pasko P, Sajewicz M, Gorinstein S and Zachwieja Z. Analysis of selected phenolic acids and flavonoids in Amaranthus cruentus and Chenopodium quinoa seeds and sprouts by HPLC, Acta Chromatogr, 2008; 4: 661-672.
. Gorinstein S, Vargas OJM, Jaramillo N O, Salas IA, Ayala ALM, et al, The total polyphenols and the antioxidant potentials of some selected cereals and pseudocereals; Eur Food Res Technol, 2007; 225: 321–328.
. Molyneux P. The use of the stable free radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for estimating antioxidant activity, Songklanakarin J Sc Technol, 2004; 26(2):211-219.
. Blois MS. Antioxidant determination by the use of stable free radicals, Nature, 1958;181: 1199-2000.
. Mandal P, Misra TK, Ghosal M, Free radical scavenging activity and phytochemical analysis in the leaf and stem of Drimaria diandra Blume., Int J Integr Biol, 2009; 7(2): 80-84.
. Hossain M A and Nagooru M R, Biochemical profiling and total flavonoids contents of leaves crude extract of endemic medicinal plant Corydyline terminalis L. Kunth., Pharmacognosy Journal, 2011; 3 (24): 25-30.
. Harborne JB. Phytochemical methods: A guide to modern techniques of plant analysis. 2nd ed. London: Chapman and Hall 1998: 54-84.
. Kokate K C, Practical Pharmacognosy. 4th edn, (Vallabh Prakashan, Delhi), 1997, 218.
. Morais Lima G R, Sales I R P, Filho M R D C, Jesus NZT, Sousa Falcão, H et al, Bioactivities of the Genus Combretum (Combretaceae): A Review, Molecules. 2012;17:9142-9206.
. Li-qin W, Rong H, Fu-chi,Z Qiu-xiang F and Ye-gao C, Chemical constituents of Combretum punctatum spp. Squamosum; Chem Nat Compd, 2011; 47 (3): 470-471.
. Rice-Evans C A, Miller N J and Paganga G, Structure-antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoids and phenolic acids, Free Radical Bio Med, 1996; 20:933-956.
. Marchand LL, Cancer preventive effects of flavonoids: a review, Biomed Pharmacother, 2002; 56: 296-301.
. Yang J and Liu R H, The phenolic profiles and antioxidant activity in different types of tea, Int J Food Sci Technol, 2013; 48:163–171.
. Houghton PJ, Chromatography of the chromone and flavonoid alkaloids, J Chromatogr A, 2002; 967: 75-84.
. Kong J M, Chia L S, Goh N K, Chia T F and Brouillard R, Analysis and biological activities of anthocyanins; Phytochemistry, 2003; 64: 923-933.
. Shohaib T, Shafique M, Dhanya N and Divakar M C, Review: Importance of flavonoides in therapeutics, Hygeia. Journal of Drugs and Medicine, 2011; 3 (1):1-18.
. Rabi T and Bishayee A, Terpenoids and breast cancer chemoprevention, Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009; 115:223–239.
. Wagner KH and Elmadfa I, Biological relevance of terpenoids: Overview focusing on mono-, diand tetraterpenes, Ann Nutr Metab, 2003; 47:95–106.
. Sultana N and Ata A, Oleanolic acid and related derivatives as medicinally important compounds, J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem, 2008; 23 :739–756.
. Shah BA, Qazi GN and Taneja SC, Boswellic acids: a group of medicinally important compounds, Nat Prod Rep, 2009; 26:72–89.
. Patel MD and Thompson PD, Phytosterols and vascular diseases, Atherosclerosis, 2006; 186(1):12-19.
