Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of Khaya senegalensis bark extracts on Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis

Authors

  • Abdullahi Aliyu Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
  • Alkali BR Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
  • Yahaya MS Department of Theriogenology and Animal Production, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
  • Garba A Diagnostic and Extension Dept., National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State.
  • Adeleye SA Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
  • Gashua MM Dept. of Public Health, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
  • Sa‘Adatu I Dept. of Capacity Strengthening, Regulation & Standardization, Agricultural Research Council of Nigeria, Abuja
  • Gugong V Dept. of General Agriculture, Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic, Zaria- Kaduna State.
  • Daneji AI Department of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto

Keywords:

Khaya senegalensis, Antibacterial activity, Phytochemical analysis, B. subtilis, E. coli, P. mirabilis

Abstract

The aqueous and ethanol extracts of the bark of Khaya senegalensis were screened for their phytochemical constituents and preliminary antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the plant on the tested organisms was determined using multiple tubes method. Alkaloids, anthraquinones, glycosides, tannins and steroids were detected in both extracts. The ethanol and aqueous extracts of the plant showed antibacterial activity against B. subtilis and E. coli, with the aqueous extracts having more activity than those of ethanol. However the growth of P. mirabilis was not inhibited by either of the extracts. The MIC value was determined to be 50 mg/ml for B. subtilis and E. coli. The results are suggestive of considerable antibacterial activity of K. senegalensis and may justify its use in the treatment of bacterial diseases by herbalists or traditional healers.

References

. Sofowara EA. Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine in Africa. Wiley, London: 1984. p. 142.

. Tiwari UB, Rastogi P, Shingh D , Saraf K and Vyas SP. Immunomodulatory effects of aqueous extracts of Tridax procumbens in experimental animals. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2004; 92: 113-119.

. Aliyu A. Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of Khaya senegalensis extracts against some pathogenic bacteria: an invitro study. DVM project, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. 2007.

. Keay RW, Omochie CF, Stanfield J. A Revised Version of Trees of Nigeria (1964). Clarendon Press, New York; 1989. p. 339-340.

. Elkatib MGE, Abdallah NA, Rahaman K ASA, Nour N A M, Almagboul AZ and Omer M EA. In Vitro antimicrobial activity of Vemonia adoensis Courbovia virgata and Khaya senegalensis, Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences. 2004; 26(4): 734-739.

. El-Olemy M M, Fraid JA and Abdul Fattah AA. Experimental Phytochemistry: A Laboratory Manual. Afifi Abdul Fatah A. Comp IV, King Saud University; 1994; P. 911, 119-120, 226-244,310-311,340.

. Gill LS. Ethnomedical uses of plants in Nigeria, Uniben Press, Benin City; 1992. P. 15-65.

. Harbone JB. Phytochemical Methods, a Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant analysis (2nd edition). Carpman and Hall, London; 1973; p1-13.

. Hostetteman K and Nakanishi K. Moronic acid, a simple Triterpenoid keto acid with antimicrobial activity isolated from Ozoroa mucroanta, Journal of Medicinal Plant Resources. 1979; 31: 358-366

. Hostetteman A, Marston AJ, Wolfender L and Malliam. Screening for Flavonoids and related compounds in Medicinal Plants by LC-UV-MS and subsequent isolation of Bioactive compounds, Akademia, Kiaho Budapest. 1995; p 35-52.

. Lompe M, Dubios J and Guissou I P. In Vitrro Preliminary study of free radical scavenging activity of extracts from Khaya senegalensis A Juss (Meliaceae). Journal of Biological Sciences.2007; 7: 677-680.

. Mahota SB, Nandy A K and Roy, G. Triterpenoid saponins. Phytochemistry. 1988; 27:30 37-3067.

. Maydell H J. Trees and Shrubs of Sahel- Their characteristics and uses. Gesdtschaft, Fur, Germany: 1986. P. 105-110.

. Ojo O O, Nadro M S and Tella I. O.( Protection of Rats by extracts of some common Nigerian Trees against acetaminophen – induced hepatotoxicity. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2006; 5(9): 755-760.

. Rojas A, Hernandez L, Rogehu P. M and Mata R. Screening for antimicrobial activities of crude drug extracts and pure natural products from Mexican medicinal plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 1992; 35:275-283.

. Sofowara E A. African Medicinal Plants, University of Ife Press, Ile Ife. 1993; p. 38-70.

. Tella I O and Ojo O O. Hepatoprotective effects of Azadiractha indica, Tamarindus indica and Eucalyptus camaldulensis on Paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Journal of Sustainable Development of Agricultural Environment.2005; 67-72.

Published

30-09-2016

How to Cite

1.
Abdullahi Aliyu, Alkali BR, Yahaya MS, Garba A, Adeleye SA, Gashua MM, Sa‘Adatu I, Gugong V, Daneji AI. Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of Khaya senegalensis bark extracts on Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis. ijp [Internet]. 2016 Sep. 30 [cited 2024 Oct. 8];8(3):333-6. Available from: https://ijp.arjournals.org/index.php/ijp/article/view/476

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles