GC-MS Analysis of Non-Polar Fractions of Leaves, Stems and Roots of Pisonia grandis R.Br.
Keywords:
Pisonia grandis, GC-MS Analysis, n-Hexadecanoic acid, Oleic acid, PhytolAbstract
The present investigation was designed to explore the secondary metabolites present in the petroleum ether extract of leaves, stems and roots of Pisonia grandis R.Br. using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Known quantity of shade dried and pulverized parts of Pisonia grandis were extracted with pet-ether at reflux temperature for 6 h. The extracts were concentrated under vacuum and the concentrated extracts designated as PGSP, PGRP and PGLP were subjected to GC-MS analysis. The GC-MS analysis revealed the most prevailing phytoconstituents as n-hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid), 6-octadecenoic acid (petroselenic acid), 9-octadecenoic acid (oleic acid), 2,3-bis-[(9E)-9-octadecenoyloxy]propyl (9E)-9-octadecenoate (9-octadecenoic acid 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester) and phytol in the extracts. The presence of various therapeutically important metabolites justifies the use of the plant for various ailments by tribals and traditional healers.
References
Prabhadevi V, Sahaya Sathish S, Johnson M, Venkatramani B, Janakiraman N. Phytochemical studies on Allamanda cathartica L. using GC-MS. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012; S550-S554.
Narayanan CR, Joshi DD, Mujumdar AM. Hypoglycemic action of Bougainvillea spectabilis leaves. Curr. Sci. 1984; 53: 579-581.
Pari Land Amarnath Satheesh M. Antidiabetic activity of Boerhaavia diffusa L. effect on hepatic key enzymes in experimental diabetes. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2004; 91(1):109-13.
Shubashini K.Sripathi, Poongothai G, Lalitha P. Insulinomimetic Pinitol from the Leaves of Pisonia grandis (R.Br.). Journal of Natural Remedies 2011; 11(1):39-43.
Sunil C, Latha PG, Suja SR, Shine VJ, Shyamal S, Anuja GI, Sini S, Rajasekharan S, Ajastian P, Ignacimuthu S, Kaliselvan V. Effect of ethanolic extract of Pisonia alba Span leaves on blood glucose levels and Histological changes in tissues of Alloxan-induced diabetic rats. International journal of Applied Research in natural products 2009; 2(2):4-11.
Habibur Rahman A, Elumalai M, Chinna Eswaraiah, Dipankar Bardalai. Evaluation of anxiolytic activity of ethanolic extract of Pisonia grandis R. Br leaves in mice. J Chem Pharm Res 2011; 3(5):646-652
Shubashini K. Sripathi, Poongothai G. Bioassay-guided fractionation and anti-fungal activity studies on Pisonia grandis R.Br. International Journal of Current Research 2010; 10 :035-037
Jayakumari S, Arthanareswaran A, Vijayalakshmi A, Malarkodi Velraj, Ravichandran V. Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Pisonia grandis R.Br Leaves. Ind J Pharm Edu Res 2012; 46(1) : 34-37
Prabu D, Nappinnai M, Ponnudurai K, Prabu K. Evaluation of Wound-Healing Potential of Pisonia grandis R.Br: A Preclinical Study in Wistar Rats. The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds 2008; 7: 21-27.
Anbalagan N, Rajinikanth KN, Kishore Gnanasam S, Thomas Leonard J, Balakrishna K, Ramachandran S, Sridhar SK. Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory and Diuretic Activities of Pisonia grandis. Natural Product Sciences 2002; 8:97-99
Radha R, Arokiyaraj S, Agastian P, Balaraju K, Mohan Kumar R, Bula, P. Phytochemical analysis and anti-inflammatory activity of Pisonia grandis R.Br. Journal of Biomedical and Pharmacology 2008;1:1.
www.ars-grin.gov/duke.
Chan P, Cheng JT, Tsao CW, Niu CS, Hong CY. The in vitro antioxidant activity of trilinolein and other lipid-related natural substances as measured by enhanced chemiluminescence. Life Sci. 1996; 59(24):2067-73.
Harada H, Yamashita U, Kurihara H, Fukushi E, Kawabata J, Kamei Y. Antitumor activity of palmitic acid found as a selective cytotoxic substance in a marine red alga. Anticancer Res. 2002; 22(5):2587-90.
http://www.amberswaves.com/prickly_lettuce.html
Liu J, Shimizu K, Kondo R. Anti-androgenic activity of fatty acids. Chem Biodivers. 2009;6(4):503-12.
Aparna V, Dileep KV, Mandal PK, Karthe P, Sadasivan C, Haridas M. Anti-inflammatory property of n-hexadecanoic acid: structural evidence and kinetic assessment. Chem Biol Drug Des. 2012; 80(3):434-9.
Sheba DW, Saxena RK, Gupta R . The fungistatic action of oleic acid. Current
Science 1999; 76 (8): 1137-1139.
Carrillo C, M. del M. Cavia, Alonso-Torre S. R. Antitumor effect of oleic acid; mechanisms of action. A review. Nutr Hosp. 2012;27(5):1860-1865.
Joseph J. Collins N.D. Phytotherapeutic Management of Endocrine Dysfunctions. Nutri News – Recent Health and Nutrition Information From Douglas Laboratories , Winter 2006.
Carrillo C, M. del M. Cavia S. Alonso-Torre. Role of oleic acid in immune system; mechanism of action; a review. Nutr Hosp. 2012;27(4):978-990.
Liang T, Liao S. Inhibition of steroid 5 α-reductase by specific aliphatic unsaturated fatty acids. Biochem J. 1992; 15; 285(Pt 2): 557–562.
Lee KL, Lee SH, Park KY. Anticancer activity of phytol and eicosatrienoic acid identified from perilla leaves. J Koean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 1999; 28:1107-1112.
Komiya T, Kyohkon M, Ohwaki S, Eto J, Katsuzaki H, Imai K, Kataoka T, Yoshioka K, Ishii Y, Hibasami H. Phytol induces programmed cell death in human lymphoid leukemia Molt 4B cells. International journal of Molecular Medicine 1999;4(4): 377-457.
Inoue Y, Hada TA, Shiraishi K, Hirore, H Hamashima, Kobayashi S: Biphasic effects of Geranylgeraniol, Terpenone and Phytol on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrobial agents and Chemother2005; 49(5): 1770-1774.
